abstract：:We have isolated and characterised a novel aerobic bacterial strain, designated MS3-02, belonging to the genus Janibacter sp. The capability of this new strain to degrade polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a commercial mixture (Aroclor 1242) in liquid medium and in soil (sterile and non sterile soil), under laborator...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Sierra I,Valera JL,Marina ML,Laborda F

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current study evaluated the personal CO exposure of active smokers while smoking under controlled conditions, decay rate of CO in the body following active smoking, and CO accumulation in the body from repeated active smoking using a novel device for the direct measurement of alveolar breath CO. Prior to this eval...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Jo WK,Oh JW

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transport processes of seventeen 2,3,7,8-chlorinated congeners of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) from their major sources to humans were modeled to estimate the time course, from the past to the future, of the human health risk to the Japanese population. The comparison between measu...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Yoshida K,Nakanishi J

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Identification of pollution sources and estimation of their contribution to dioxin pollution are important for taking better countermeasures against such sources. The information based on seventeen 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted congeners and 10 homologues is usually not sufficient for source identification. The usefuln...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Masunaga S,Yao Y,Ogura I,Sakurai T,Nakanishi J

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood of adult and juvenile black and turkey vultures in the Savannah River Site of South Carolina, USA was analyzed for the presence of 2,3,7,8-chlorine substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (2,3,7,8-PCDDs), dibenzofurans (2,3,7,8-PCDFs), -dioxin-like and -di-ortho polychlorinated biphenyls. Concentration ran...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Senthil Kumar K,Bowerman WW,DeVault TL,Takasuga T,Rhodes OE,Lehr Brisbin I,Masunaga S

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study concerned decolouration of solutions of azo, anionic (Acid Orange 7, Reactive Red 45, Acid Yellow 23) and cationic (Basic Blue 41 and Basic Orange 66) dyes during illumination with UV (lambdamax 366 nm) irradiation in the presence of TiO2 and FeCl3. The process of decolouration during illumination of the sol...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Baran W,Makowski A,Wardas W

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eutrophication has decreased the O(2) content and increased the NH(4)(+) availability in freshwaters. These changes may affect carbon and nitrogen transformation processes and the production of CH(4) and N(2)O, which are important greenhouse gases. We studied release of CH(4) and N(2)O from a eutrophic lake sediment u...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Liikanen A,Martikainen PJ

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rooftops are both a source of and a pathway for contaminated runoff in urban environments. To investigate the importance of particle-associated contamination in rooftop runoff, particles washed from asphalt shingle and galvanized metal roofs at sites 12 and 102 m from a major expressway were analyzed for major and tra...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Van Metre PC,Mahler BJ

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The differential expression of cytochrome P4501A1 gene expression (CYP1A1) in liver, intestine and gill of juvenile tilapia following oral exposure to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) Aroclor-1254 or Aroclor-1260 spiked food were investigated. The fish was fed with 0.1 g/g of body weight each day of the spiked food with...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Yeung HY,Wong CC,Wong MH,Wong CK

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wetland microcosms were used to evaluate the ability of constructed wetlands to remove extremely high concentrations of selenocyanate (SeCN-), arsenic (As), and boron (B) from wastewater generated by a coal gasification plant in Indiana. The wetland microcosms significantly reduced the concentrations of selenium (Se),...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Ye ZH,Lin ZQ,Whiting SN,de Souza MP,Terry N

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the role of microorganisms in the ecology and the nutrient transformation of forest soil, soil property, microbial population, biomass and organic acid content of Spruce soil in Tatachia mountain were determined during January 1997 to November 1999. Soil temperatures were between 5.5 and 15.6 degrees C ...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Yang SS,Fan HY,Yang CK,Lin IC

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As far as the impact of air pollutants on human health being concerned, ozone is one of the main pollutants in atmosphere. In particular, the ground level ozone is responsible for a variety of adverse effects on both human being and plant life. To protect the humankind from such adverse health effects, early informati...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Wang X,Lu W,Wang W,Leung AY

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A kinetic model for the decolorization of C.I. Reactive Black 5 by the combination of hydrogen peroxide and UV radiation was developed based on experimental results and known chemical and photochemical reactions. The observed kinetic reaction coefficient was determined and correlated as a function of hydrogen peroxide...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Mohey El-Dein A,Libra JA,Wiesmann U

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glyphosate-based herbicides (e.g. Roundup) are extensively used in the aquatic environment, but there is a paucity of data on the toxicity of the formulated products and the influences by environmental factors. In this study, the acute toxicity of technical-grade glyphosate acid, isopropylamine (IPA) salt of glyphosat...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Tsui MT,Chu LM

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A screening using several fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus, Trametes versicolor and Aureobasidium pullulans) was performed on the degradation of syringol derivatives of azo dyes possessing either carboxylic or sulphonic groups, under optimized conditions previously established by us. T. versicol...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Martins MA,Lima N,Silvestre AJ,Queiroz MJ

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To develop alternatives to methyl bromide (MeBr) for soil disinfection under environmental Moroccan conditions, distribution and persistence of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) were tested in undisturbed soil columns (12 cm internal diameter, 1 m length). 1,3-D was injected at a 15 cm depth...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： El Hadiri N,Ammati M,Chgoura M,Mounir K

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to obtain basic information for designing standardized test preparation methods, the heavy metals Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb were measured in gastropods (Xerolenta obvia), oligochaetes (Lumbricus terrestris), isopods (Armadillidium vulgare, Trachelipus rathkei) and carabids (Harpalus rubripes, Calathus fuscipes) using...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Zödl B,Wittmann KJ

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)-glycine] is a broad-spectrum, non-selective, post-emergence herbicide that is widely used in agricultural. We studied, in vitro, changes in the microbial activity of typical Hapludult and Hapludox Brazilian soils, with and without applied glyphosate. Glyphosate was applied at a rate of ...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Araújo AS,Monteiro RT,Abarkeli RB

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present paper, inorganic arsenic species and chemical parameters in groundwater were determined to investigate the factors related to the distribution of arsenic species and their dissolution from rock into groundwater. For the study, groundwater and core samples were taken at different depths of two newly dril...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Kim MJ,Nriagu J,Haack S

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gradients in sediment polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations and PCB congener profiles exist along the Hudson River (NY, USA). We evaluated site and tissue differences in PCB concentration and congener profiles in resident mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) collected from PCB-contaminated sites in the lower Huds...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Monosson E,Ashley JT,McElroy AE,Woltering D,Elskus AA

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this work was to study the bioremediation capability of Absidia fusca Linnemann (Zygomycete) towards different classes of xenobiotics (lignin-derived compounds, chloroaromatic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) the presence of which in contaminated soils, water and sediments poses a significan...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Guiraud P,Villemain D,Kadri M,Bordjiba O,Steiman R

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organofluorine compounds are rare in Nature, with only a handful known to be produced by some species of plant and two microorganisms. Consequently, the mechanism of enzymatic carbon-fluorine bond formation is poorly understood. The bacterium Streptomyces cattleya biosynthesises fluoroacetate and 4-fluorothreonine as ...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Murphy CD,Schaffrath C,O'Hagan D

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The assumption that soil neither acts as a source or a sink of chloride is evaluated by incubating soil cores in lysimeters in a climate chamber under controlled conditions. Some of the lysimeters acted as a sink while others acted as a source of chloride. Considerable amounts of organic chlorine were lost by leaching...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Rodstedth M,Ståhlberg C,Sandén P,Oberg G

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 96-h LC(50) value of cadmium chloride (CdCl(2).H(2)O), a metal salt widely used in industry, was determined in the water frog (Rana ridibunda Pallas, 1771). The experiments were conducted in two series and a total of 140 frogs were used to determine acute toxicity. In addition, behavioral changes in the water frog...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Selvi M,Gül A,Yilmaz M

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) was reduced to non-toxic trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) by a dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria, Shewanella alga Simidu (BrY-MT) ATCC 55627. A series of dynamic column experiments were conducted to provide an understanding of Cr(VI) reduction by the facultative anaerobe BrY-MT in the pres...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Guha H,Jayachandran K,Maurrasse F

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of leachates from two municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills in Southern Italy was characterized using a toxicity identification evaluation procedure. The chemical and physical fractionation techniques were: pH adjustment, pH adjustment/filtration, pH adjustment/C(18) solid phase extraction, graduated pH a...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Isidori M,Lavorgna M,Nardelli A,Parrella A

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human exposure to insoluble and soluble nickel compounds is extensive. Besides wide usage in many industries, nickel compounds are contained in cigarette smoke and, in low levels, in ambient particulate matter. Soluble nickel particulate, especially nickel sulfate (NiSO(4)), has been associated with acute lung injury....

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Prows DR,McDowell SA,Aronow BJ,Leikauf GD

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Point measurements of time-resolved LII signals have been performed in sooting premixed low pressure flames. Soot particle size distribution and gas temperature in these flames are known from independent measurements. This data is used to validate parameters of an improved LII model, where special emphasis is taken on...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Lehre T,Bockhorn H,Jungfleisch B,Suntz R

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complexation of Fe(II) with organic ligand results in the decrease of redox potential, and enhances the reduction ability of Fe(II). An important example is the use of Fe(II)-organic complexes to accelerate Cr(VI) reduction. Dissolved O(2) and light can potentially affect Cr(VI) reduction; however, these two facto...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Tzou YM,Wang MK,Loeppert RH

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Color removal from biologically pre-treated molasses wastewater by means of chemical oxidation with ozone has been investigated. Batch experiments have been performed in order to analyze the influence of ozone dosage and reaction time on color removal, molecular weight distribution and decolorization kinetics. Dependi...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Peña M,Coca M,González G,Rioja R,García MT

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inclusion complexes of beta-cyclodextrin-isoproturon were prepared using techniques such as kneading, co-evaporation, and co-precipitation. These complexes were characterised for physical properties and spectral studies such as UV, FTIR, and 1HNMR spectroscopy. To investigate the stoichiometry of the complexes Pha...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Manolikar MK,Sawant MR

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentrations of three different fractions of particulate matter (PM) including PM2.5, PM10, and TSP were determined concurrently during March-May 2001. Measurements of three PM fractions were made at hourly intervals from four different observatory sites located within the city boundary of Seoul. On the basis of...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Kim KH,Kim MY

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was conducted in 1999 to determine the occurrence of alkylphenol polyethoxylates in the St. Lawrence River and their bioconcentration by mussels (Elliptio complanata). Concentrations of selected contaminants were measured in surface water, municipal effluent, sediments and mussels. Analyses were performed on 4...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Sabik H,Gagné F,Blaise C,Marcogliese DJ,Jeannot R

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Octanol-water partition coefficients (K(OW)) of nine environmentally relevant brominated diphenyl ether (BDE) congeners present in two technical mixtures were directly measured using a slow-stir technique. LogK(OW) values of tri- to heptabrominated BDE congeners ranged from 5.74 to 8.27, and were related to bromine co...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Braekevelt E,Tittlemier SA,Tomy GT

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered to act additively when exposed as congener mixtures. Additive internal concentrations at the site of toxic action is the basis for recent efforts to establish a sum PAH guideline for sediment-associated PAH toxicity. This study determined the toxicity of several P...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Landrum PF,Lotufo GR,Gossiaux DC,Gedeon ML,Lee JH

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The determination of the photo-production rate of hydroxyl radical (OH) in atmospheric liquids is of fundamental importance to an understanding of atmospheric aquatic chemistry. Recently, several studies have been performed to examine the photo-chemical formation rate of OH in cloud and fog waters using a free radical...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Zuo Y

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Due to uncertainties as to appropriate procedures and dilution materials, most sediment tests are conducted only with undiluted, whole samples. Hence, it is not possible to use conventional concentration-response approaches to quantify toxicity of samples that elicit a 100% effect (e.g., mortality) at a preset test in...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： DeFoe DL,Ankley GT

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was carried out of Cu adsorption and desorption processes in red soil as affected by o-phenylenediamine (o-PD) in the range 0-80 mg/l. The results indicated that the presence of o-PD enhanced Cu adsorption in red soil in weakly acid media, meanwhile, desorption percentage of Cu from soil, extracted by 1.0 M Mg...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Wang SQ,Zhou DM,Wang YJ,Chen HM

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The disappearance and modeling of the ozonation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) was studied under different initial TCP concentrations and initial pH levels. The ozonation of TCP was found to follow a pseudo-first-order reaction. The degradation rates increased with the initial pH, and decreased with initial TCP concen...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Chu W,Wong CC

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorinated aromatic compounds in (waste) gases can be removed and/or dehalogenated by passing over a bed of activated carbon (AC) in a hydrogen containing atmosphere. Dehalogenation of the model compound chlorobenzene (PhCl) to HCl is complete at 490 degrees C--rather than the approximately 900 degrees C needed for t...

journal_title：Chemosphere

authors： Santoro D,de Jong V,Louw R

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00